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  • It is easy to become Biological Parent but difficult to become a True Parent

    kamalendu chakrabarti
    অন্যান্য | ২৮ অক্টোবর ২০১৩ | ৮৮৬৮♦ বার পঠিত
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  • kamalendu chakrabarti | 24.96.96.21 | ২৮ অক্টোবর ২০১৩ ০৭:০২620399
  • It is easy to become Biological Parent but difficult to become a True Parent

    By Dr. Kamalendu Chakrabarti


    Welcome to the early days of 2013. I believe that my spirit is not usually dented by negative issues. But like every Indian, I am now totally confused. Frankly speaking I am now no more than a bundle
    nerves.

    The recent gang-rape case in Delhi bus has stirred the whole nation. And it is rightly so. But to me, another series of incidents has shaken me so vigorously that I am unable to think rationally. My
    fingers on keyboard are not working properly.


    From the days I came to terms with myself as a pediatrician, I started thinking seriously that role of a pediatrician is more than just treating illness of the children. I started giving more importance to the proper upbringing of the children. I started saying to the parents, “See, the illness - your child is suffering from, will be cured today or tomorrow, but it is more important to teach the child about the social behaviour, discipline, education, fellow-feeling, caring for others, caring for the nature…”. But strangely my words echoed back to my own ears without any effect on the parents. And so it continued, year after year. Today also I am still struggling to make parents understand just feeding and helping the children grow up by age, height and weight is not real parenting. PARENTING means many more things.

    What triggered this writing:

    Though my mind continued to be cloudy for many years seeing the ways the children are being brought up, this write-up is triggered by some recent incidents. I am not referring to the cruel and brutal act of gang-rape in Delhi bus, but the recent series of incidents such as the
    barracking of teachers by their own students. In one of the school, the girl students kept their teachers under house-arrest for more than 22 hours! And what was their demand? That they are given pass marks even though they secured very very poor marks. There were similar
    incidents in other schools also. Here I am tempted to compare the incident of rape with the school-barracking. For me, the barracking is of more concern than the case of rape. The rapist is an antisocial or has a criminal mind, whereas nobody can designate an adolescent school
    student as a criminal for school-barracking. So the student can get away with her act and repeat the same type or even more dangerous acts in future. The incidents of misbehaviour of students indicate that the students did not get it from outside. They get the nourishment of their
    behaviour from their home – from the parents. And here comes the importance of parenting.
    The parents expect that their children will make them proud and that
    this will occur automatically and naturally. They always think that their children are too small to learn discipline and they wait for tomorrow. But they forget that:

    His Name is Today

    “We are guilty of many errors and faults,
    But our worst crime is abandoning the children,
    Neglecting the fountain of life.
    Many of the things we need, can wait,
    A child can not.
    Right now is the time his bones are being formed,
    His blood is being made,
    And his senses are being developed.
    To him, we can not answer 'Tomorrow',
    His Name is Today.”

    By Gabriela Mistral (1889–1957), a Chilean poet and educator, who was
    the first Latin American (and, so far, the only Latin American woman)
    to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, in 1945.

    (To be continued)

    ■ With Special courtesy: Professor Amitava Sen

    (Dr Kamalendu Chakrabarti is an internationally acclaimed
    Kolkata-based Pediatrician, a known crusader for breastfeeding
    promotion in India, is an eminent writer and Health Editor at Bengal
    Newz.)
  • kamalendu chakrabarti | 24.96.96.21 | ২৮ অক্টোবর ২০১৩ ০৭:০২620410
  • It is easy to become Biological Parent but difficult to become a True Parent

    By Dr. Kamalendu Chakrabarti


    Welcome to the early days of 2013. I believe that my spirit is not usually dented by negative issues. But like every Indian, I am now totally confused. Frankly speaking I am now no more than a bundle
    nerves.

    The recent gang-rape case in Delhi bus has stirred the whole nation. And it is rightly so. But to me, another series of incidents has shaken me so vigorously that I am unable to think rationally. My
    fingers on keyboard are not working properly.


    From the days I came to terms with myself as a pediatrician, I started thinking seriously that role of a pediatrician is more than just treating illness of the children. I started giving more importance to the proper upbringing of the children. I started saying to the parents, “See, the illness - your child is suffering from, will be cured today or tomorrow, but it is more important to teach the child about the social behaviour, discipline, education, fellow-feeling, caring for others, caring for the nature…”. But strangely my words echoed back to my own ears without any effect on the parents. And so it continued, year after year. Today also I am still struggling to make parents understand just feeding and helping the children grow up by age, height and weight is not real parenting. PARENTING means many more things.

    What triggered this writing:

    Though my mind continued to be cloudy for many years seeing the ways the children are being brought up, this write-up is triggered by some recent incidents. I am not referring to the cruel and brutal act of gang-rape in Delhi bus, but the recent series of incidents such as the
    barracking of teachers by their own students. In one of the school, the girl students kept their teachers under house-arrest for more than 22 hours! And what was their demand? That they are given pass marks even though they secured very very poor marks. There were similar
    incidents in other schools also. Here I am tempted to compare the incident of rape with the school-barracking. For me, the barracking is of more concern than the case of rape. The rapist is an antisocial or has a criminal mind, whereas nobody can designate an adolescent school
    student as a criminal for school-barracking. So the student can get away with her act and repeat the same type or even more dangerous acts in future. The incidents of misbehaviour of students indicate that the students did not get it from outside. They get the nourishment of their
    behaviour from their home – from the parents. And here comes the importance of parenting.
    The parents expect that their children will make them proud and that
    this will occur automatically and naturally. They always think that their children are too small to learn discipline and they wait for tomorrow. But they forget that:

    His Name is Today

    “We are guilty of many errors and faults,
    But our worst crime is abandoning the children,
    Neglecting the fountain of life.
    Many of the things we need, can wait,
    A child can not.
    Right now is the time his bones are being formed,
    His blood is being made,
    And his senses are being developed.
    To him, we can not answer 'Tomorrow',
    His Name is Today.”

    By Gabriela Mistral (1889–1957), a Chilean poet and educator, who was
    the first Latin American (and, so far, the only Latin American woman)
    to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, in 1945.

    (To be continued)

    ■ With Special courtesy: Professor Amitava Sen

    (Dr Kamalendu Chakrabarti is an internationally acclaimed
    Kolkata-based Pediatrician, a known crusader for breastfeeding
    promotion in India, is an eminent writer and Health Editor at Bengal
    Newz.)
  • Kamalendu Chakrabarti | 24.96.96.21 | ২৮ অক্টোবর ২০১৩ ০৭:০৮620421
  • His Name is Today

    “We are guilty of many errors and faults,
    But our worst crime is abandoning the children,
    Neglecting the fountain of life.
    Many of the things we need, can wait,
    A child can not.
    Right now is the time his bones are being formed,
    His blood is being made,
    And his senses are being developed.
    To him, we can not answer 'Tomorrow',
    His Name is Today.”

    By Gabriela Mistral (1889–1957), a Chilean poet and educator, who was
    the first Latin American (and, so far, the only Latin American woman)
    to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, in 1945.
  • cm | 71.95.189.220 | ২৮ অক্টোবর ২০১৩ ০৮:৫০620432
  • কবিতাটা বেশ লাগলো। লিখুন তো ভালো করে।
  • cb | 99.231.107.14 | ২৮ অক্টোবর ২০১৩ ১২:১৫620443
  • but it is more important to teach the child about the social behaviour, discipline, education, fellow-feeling, caring for others, caring for the nature

    - এগ্রীড

    আশাকরি পদ্ধতিগুলো ধরবেন পরের পোস্টে
  • kamalendu chakrabarti | 24.99.245.212 | ৩০ অক্টোবর ২০১৩ ১১:১৭620454
  • It is easy to become Biological Parent but difficult to become a True
    Parent (Part II)

    By Dr. Kamalendu Chakrabarti

    Are you sure your child is really yours:

    Before getting angry or becoming annoyed with such a silly question, I
    request you to look at graphic figure 1. given bellow:

    Figure1.
    This figure, though looks clumsy, is a really very simple
    depiction of the different periods of life. From the mother’s womb to
    last day of life lesser period is being controlled and possessed by
    the parents. Compare the blue areas. Note that the time-spaces shown in
    this figure are arbitrary.

    By the statement, “Are you sure your child is really yours”, I do not
    intend to hurt your morality, but want you to think seriously how long
    and how much a child belongs to their parents in respect to outside
    world. The period of life of a person covered and controlled by the
    parents are much less compared to the period exposed to the society.
    When a young man in any institute does a unwanted act, the people
    blame that man and not his parents. When a person does an excellent
    job, people reward him and not their parent. The dacoit Ratnakar had
    to face the consequences of his sinful acts, and neither his parents,
    nor his wife were ready to share those. So, the child/man has to carry
    his own life and to face whatever he does. But basically, most part of
    his character is inherited from their parents.

    I firmly believe that a tiny kid in a house does belong entirely to
    the parents. They just a caretaker for the baby and it is obligatory
    duty of the parents to bring him up in such a way that today’s baby is
    handed over to the society as useful member of the society. This can
    only happen through proper parenting. Unfortunately nobody thinks in
    that way. The parents often become so much possessive that they ignore
    the role of the child’s contributions, good or bad, to the society in
    future.

    Is parenting the only factor in man-making: Do other factors not have
    influences:

    Nobody can deny that other factors affect the process of man-making.
    But I am convinced that there is a distinct difference of the effects
    of other influences over good parented and bad parented individuals. A
    person who is brought through good parenting never has strong and
    permanent effects of ill-influences of the society. Even he is
    temporarily misled by the bad effects, he quickly gets
    self-realization, and not only returns to the right path but also
    spread rays of moral values to his associates. Getting tempted for the
    prohibited acts is a natural instinct of human. But a true human do
    not loose himself dark paths very long. On the other hand, the parson
    who has been parented poorly always tends to go to the evil paths
    quickly. And most of the times this happen permanently and
    irreversibly. The person not only puts himself in field of antisocial,
    but also tries to influence
    Paste fig 2
    others. Their influences affect the poorly parented persons and thus
    gradually the numbers of antisocial increase.

    As I said earlier here about 'proper parenting', The parenting is so
    important that it forms the base of the individual. A man with a
    strong base never gets moulded by external bad influences. Rather
    through their communications, dealings and actions try to benefit the
    society which one can never expect from weak-based person. Good
    parenting is thus the corner stone of an individual’s life.

    A General Overview of Parenting

    Before going to the discussion of methods of parenting, I like to
    mention something less discussed like parental investment.

    What is parental investment:

    Humans are basically animals with all their natural characteristics.
    Like all animals, humans also have to expend, better coined with the
    term parental investment.

    In iteroparous species, where individuals may go through several
    reproductive bouts during their lifetime, a trade off may exist
    between investment in current offspring and future reproduction.

    What is Semelparity and iteroparity? There are two types of species
    in relation to the reproductive strategy of an organism. A species is
    considered semelparous if it is characterized by a single reproductive
    episode before death, and iteroparous if it is characterized by
    multiple reproductive cycles over the course of its lifetime. This is
    comparable to the terms monocarp and polycarp of plant kingdom.

    Trivers (1972) originally defined the term parental investment to mean
    any “investment by the parent in an individual offspring that
    increases the offspring's chance of surviving, hence reproductive
    success at the cost of the parent's ability to invest in other
    offspring” Parents need to balance their offspring's demands against
    their own self-maintenance. This potential negative effect of parental
    care was explicitly formalised by parental investment. Parental
    investment is not the cost of raising a child i.e. the money spent for
    purchasing tin-milk etc. It means the time and energy the parents have
    to invest producing a child and make him survive and grow.
    Theoretically, females invest more energy into producing child, This
    is elaborately discuss by Bateman, known as Bateman's principle.

    Bateman's principle is the theory that females almost always invest
    more energy into producing offspring than males invest, and therefore
    in most species females are a limiting resource over which the other
    sex will compete. It is named for English geneticist Angus John
    Bateman (1919–1996).

    According to Bateman's principle, typically it is the females who have
    a relatively larger investment in producing each offspring. Bateman
    attributed the origin of the unequal investment to the differences in
    the production of gametes: sperm are cheaper than eggs. A single male
    can easily fertilize all a female's eggs and she will not produce more
    offspring by mating with more than one male. A male is capable of
    fathering more offspring if he mates with several females. By and
    large, a male's potential reproductive success is limited by the
    number of females he mates with, whereas a female's potential
    reproductive success is limited by how many eggs she can produce. This
    results in sexual selection, in which males compete with each other,
    and females become choosy in which males to mate with. As a result of
    being anisogamous, males are fundamentally promiscuous, and females
    are fundamentally selective.

    Bateman's observations came from his empirical work on mating
    behaviour in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). Bateman
    hypothesized that male reproductive success increases with number of
    mates, whereas female reproductive success does not. He believed that
    this hypothesis could be supported by illustrating the variance in
    number of mates between females and males, and by plotting
    reproductive success versus number of mates.

    To test this observation, Bateman crossed virgin parent fruit flies
    that were each heterozygous for a unique dominant mutant phenotype. He
    placed 3–5 flies of each sex in milk bottles for 3–4 days, allowed the
    females to lay eggs, then removed the parent flies and counted the
    offspring once hatched. Because most (75%) of the offspring expressed
    the phenotypes of one or both parents, Bateman deduced how many mates
    each individual had by observing the offspring’s mutations. He judged
    reproductive success by counting the relative number of offspring
    sharing each parental phenotype (Bateman 1948). Bateman concluded that
    a) the variation in number of mates for males was greater than
    for females, and
    b) 2) "The males show direct proportionality between number of
    mates and fertility... The females, provided they have been mated with
    at least once, show absolutely no effect of number of mates" (Bateman
    1948).

    Bateman concluded that:

    A female can have only a limited number of offspring, whereas a male
    can have a virtually unlimited number, provided that he can find
    females willing to mate with him. Thus females generally need to be
    much choosier about who they mate with.

    A male can easily produce sperm in excess of what it would take to
    fertilize all the females that could conceivably be available [...]
    Hence the development of the masculine emphasis on courtship and
    territoriality or other forms of conflict with competing males.

    In most animals the fertility of the female is limited by egg
    production which causes a severe strain on their nutrition. In mammals
    the corresponding limiting factors are uterine nutrition and milk
    production, which together may be termed the capacity for rearing
    young. In the male, however, fertility is seldom likely to be limited
    by sperm production but rather by the number of inseminations or the
    number of females available to him... In general, then, the fertility
    of an individual female will be much more limited than the fertility
    of a male... This would explain why in unisexual organisms there is
    nearly always a combination of an undiscriminating eagerness in the
    males and a discriminating passivity in the females.
    Among polygynous species, the variance in male reproductive success is
    likely to be greater than the variance in female reproductive success.

    The female, with the rarest exceptions, is less eager than the male...
    she is coy, and may often be seen endeavouring for a long time to
    escape.

    Exceptions and counter-examples of Bateman’s principle:

    Some modern evolutionary biologists believe Bateman's principle is
    incorrect for such a large percentage of species that it should no
    longer be considered a valid principle. Olivia Judson (2002) argues
    that the formulation of Bateman's principle was limited by such things
    as short observation time in his experiments. Tim Birkhead (2001) has
    also documented extensive examples of exceptions to Bateman's
    principle, with a focus on sperm competition.

    Some flaws in Bateman’s study:

    Researchers have recently reconstructed Bateman’s original 1948
    experiments and critiqued the results using a present-day
    understanding of genetics and statistics.

    They found that many of Bateman’s conclusions were based on poor
    genetic techniques or statistical errors and oversights (Snyder &
    Gowaty 2007).

    Bateman selected his mutant strains because they had visible
    morphological deformations (eyes, wings, bristles, etc.). These
    mutations were easily discernible but may have interfered with mating,
    mate selection, or mobility. Strains therefore had different
    reproductive success.

    Pure-breeding mutant strains are often inbred, and inbred organisms
    typically have reduced reproductive success and fewer viable
    offspring. Also, many mutant strains are bred to eliminate most
    genetic variation other than the pure-breeding mutation, so
    individuals within a strain are nearly clones. Samples were therefore
    not completely independent, reducing the replicability and sample size
    of his study.

    Several of the mutant strains are homozygous lethal, and individuals
    heterozygous for more than one mutation may have reduced viability.
    This would result in the premature death of some offspring genotypes,
    biasing Bateman’s counts.

    Female flies take 4 days to reach sexual maturity, while males take
    only 1 day. Bateman ran experimental crosses for 3–4 days, using flies
    of different ages. This experiment window was not long enough for
    sexually immature females to mate more than once.

    Several calculations of the variance in number of mates had arithmetic
    errors. New calculation shows that most of his results were not
    statistically significant.

    The reanalysis of Bateman’s original data shows that reproductive
    success is positively and significantly correlated with number of
    mates in both males and females (though the trend, as predicted, is
    greater in males because they can't be pregnant). That is, both sexes
    benefit from mating with multiple partners, though males can't be
    pregnant so they are capable of more so.

    Females can be promiscuous:

    Bateman’s principle implies that females are choosy because there is
    little advantage for them to mate with multiple males. However,
    observation of many species, from rabbits to fruit flies, has shown
    that females have more offspring if they mate with a larger number of
    males. This seemingly contradicts Bateman's theory, specifically his
    conclusion that "while males had more children the more partners they
    mated with, females did not" (Judson 2002:). Exceptions to Bateman's
    principle abound, as do hypotheses explaining the evolution of female
    promiscuity. Females in fact have a lot to gain, depending on the
    species:

    Genetic compatibility:

    Some combinations of male and females genomes are incompatible,
    causing abortion or reduced offspring viability. Mating with multiple
    males can increase likelihood of finding a compatible partner. For
    example, in the pseudoscorpion Cordylochernes scorpioides, females
    that mate once with two mates tend to have more offspring surviving to
    adulthood than females that mate twice with one mate. This is
    presumably because the female is putting her proverbial eggs in
    multiple baskets (Judson 2002; Knight 2002).

    Reduced risk of inbreeding:

    Incompatibility and low offspring fitness is common in inbred
    populations where genetic diversity is low. Splendid Fairy-wrens
    (Malarus splendis) are relatively sedentary and have a low dispersal
    rate. Though the species is socially monogamous, mating within the
    social group would lead to a highly inbred population. Females sneak
    copulations with males outside the group, resulting in more
    successful, genetically diverse offspring (Brooker et al. 1990).

    Protection against infanticide:

    Male chimpanzees, lions, and many other mammals, will kill unrelated
    offspring in order to bring the female into estrus, providing a mating
    opportunity for the male. By mating with multiple males, a female can
    confuse the paternity of her offspring, and males are less likely to
    commit infanticide if they may have sired the offspring (Judson 2002;
    Wolff & Macdonald 2004)

    Bet-hedging against sterility:

    In some species, like the shiner perch (Cymatogaster aggregata),
    copulation and fertilization are separated by several months. If the
    female mated once, and the male’s sperm was unviable, she would have
    to wait until the next breeding cycle to mate again. Instead, the
    promiscuous female mates with multiple males to ensure that her eggs
    will be successfully fertilized (Judson 2002).

    Males can be choosy:

    Bateman bases his hypotheses on the assumption that males are
    promiscuous because their gametes are inexpensive and unlimited.
    However, the male reproductive expense can be great, and often this
    results in males choosing mates carefully. Several hypotheses explain
    the evolution of these behaviours.

    Sperm is not always cheap

    Although a single sperm normally takes little energy to produce,
    sometimes it takes substantial energy to produce them, or at least
    enough to fertilize a female’s eggs.

    ● In one species of fruit fly, Drosophila bifurca, males
    produce sperm with flagella 58mm long, and require 17 days for the
    testes to fully develop. Several hypotheses may explain the evolution
    of giant sperm - the sperm act as immediate parental investment by
    providing nutrition for the developing zygote; they are large enough
    to block the reproductive tract of the female, preventing sperm
    competition; the sperm are large enough to individually transfer to
    the female, so the male only needs to deposit enough sperm to
    fertilize the available eggs. Because the sperm are so big, there is a
    greater chance of successful fertilization (Méry & Joly 2002).

    ● A typical fairy-wren ejaculate may contain over 8 billion
    sperm (compared to about 180 million in humans). In these species,
    extra-pair copulation is common, so sperm competition is fierce. An
    individual can increase his chances of fertilizing the female’s egg by
    producing more sperm than his competitor. For this and many other
    species with a similar strategy, producing this many sperm requires a
    large resource investment that may take days or weeks to replenish
    (Pruett-Jones & Tuttle 2007).

    Copulation can be demanding:

    Females of many species require multiple copulations in order to
    stimulate ovulation or to produce hormones to initiate pregnancy. This
    requires a high energy investment on the part of the males. Lionesses,
    for example, may require the stimulation from over 100 copulations to
    produce a single litter of cubs. This adaptation may ensure the
    strength and fitness of the lioness’ mate, which would result in
    higher quality offspring (Judson 2002).

    Sex-role reversal: Males may invest a lot:

    The most well-known exceptions to Bateman's principle are the
    existence of sex-role reversed species such as pipefish (seahorses),
    phalaropesand jacanas in which the males perform the majority of the
    parental care, and are cryptic while the females are highly ornamented
    and territorially aggressive (Emlen & Oring 1977;Knowlton 1982;
    Berglund, Widemo & Rosenqvist 2005). Because females in these species
    display the behavior predicted for males by Bateman, many believe that
    such examples actually support, rather than undermine, his principle
    (Flinn 2004).

    Other examples of violations to Bateman's principle

    ● In some species males will guard one female and mate only
    with her, attempting to prevent her from mating with any other males.
    Examples include stick insects and Idaho ground squirrels (Judson
    2002). These observations also seem to challenge Bateman's theory,
    specifically the assertion that "a male's reproductive success
    increases with each female he mates.

    ● Females do not always have a relatively larger investment in
    producing offspring. In species that reproduce by spawning (releasing
    sperm and eggs into water), for example, each sex's investment is
    approximately equal. In animals with internal fertilization, many
    sperm must be produced for every egg; so, even though it takes less
    energy to create one sperm than one egg, males of many species spend
    more energy making gametes than do females (Judson 2002:29–33).

    ● The statement that the sex that invests the most in
    producing offspring will become a limiting resource is not always
    true. In flowers, for example, the female part of the flower invests
    more energy into making seeds than the male part of the flower does.
    The reproduction of most flowering plants, however, is limited by
    delivery of the male gametophyte – pollen – not by production of the
    female gamete (Judson 2002:197).

    Bateman's statement "there is nearly always a combination of an
    undiscriminating eagerness in the males and a discriminating passivity
    in the females" and his assumption that anisogamous species would be
    polygynous have also been argued to be false, because females of many
    species mate with several males (Judson 2002:).

    Dear Readers, I know that this write-up may appear a bit theoretical,
    unnecessary and high-sounding. You are more interested to know the
    practical aspects of parenting. But most of the time, practice is best
    based on theory. Many of you who feel that they only want to know the
    practical aspects of parenting may skip it and wait for further issues
    of parenting which are coming up in subsequently. Please continue
    reading.

    ■ Photos: Debasis Das, National Geographic
  • kamalendu chakrabarti | 24.96.98.96 | ০১ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ১৯:০৯620455
  • কি হলো parenting নিয়ে কত প্রশ্ন ছিল , এত কষ্ট করে লেখাটার সম্বন্ধে কেউ কিছু বলছেন না? লেখাটা আরো বহুদিন চলবে। কমেন্ট করুন ভালো বা মন্দ যাই হোক।
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  • ইঞ্জিরিতে লেখা বলে ঘাবড়ে গেছি।
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  • বড্ড টোকা যে!
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  • কি করে কমেন্ট করবে কেউ ?

    "Nobody can deny that other factors affect the process of man-making.
    But I am convinced that there is a distinct difference of the effects
    of other influences over good parented and bad parented individuals. A
    person who is brought through good parenting never has strong and
    permanent effects of ill-influences of the society. Even he is
    temporarily misled by the bad effects, he quickly gets
    self-realization

    কোনো কন্ট্রোল গ্রুপ করে স্টাডি নেই - কোনো স্ট্যাটিস্টিক্স নেই, স্বপক্ষে - বিপক্ষে DaTa নেই - শুধু মনে হওয়া দিয়ে কোনো লেখা কেউ যদি লেখে তাতে কোনো তক্ক হয় না। মানে হয় - সেটা বাজে তক্ক
  • kamalendu chakrabarti | 24.96.93.246 | ০১ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ২৩:৩৩620401
  • আপনি অত্যন্ত অভদ্র। তাই বলতে বাধ্য আমার সব কথায় যদি প্রমান দিতে হয় তবে সবার আগে বলতে হয় আপনার মা যে আপনার মা সেটা referance দিয়ে আগে প্রমান করুন। আপনি একটি অকাট মুর্খ review article কাকে বলে সেটাও জানেন না
  • π | ০১ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ২৩:৩৭620402
  • কিন্তু রিভ্যু আর্টিকলে তো রেফারেন্স থাকে।
  • cb | 99.231.107.247 | ০১ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ২৩:৪৩620403
  • এবার ক্যাল দরকার
  • π | ০১ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ২৩:৫৩620405
  • কে আকাট মূর্খ, কাকে ক্যাল দেওয়া দরকার, এগুলো বাদ দিয়ে লেখা যায় না ?
  • Atoz | 161.141.84.239 | ০১ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ২৩:৫৩620404
  • আমার মনে হচ্ছে উনি ইচ্ছে করেই এইসব করছেন, লোকেদের নাচিয়ে রাগিয়ে ক্ষেপিয়ে মজা দেখছেন। মাঝে মাঝে এসে দেখে যাচ্ছেন জালে কটা মাছি পড়লো। ঃ-)
  • Bhagidaar | 106.2.241.35 | ০১ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ২৩:৫৭620406
  • যাব্বাবা! এত লোক কে "প্লিস দু নট ইউস ভালগারিটি " ইত্যাদি বলে এখন নিজের মুখে এই কথা?
  • lobodonka | 111.63.217.186 | ০১ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ২৩:৫৮620407
  • না লিখে আর থাকতে পারলাম না। আপনারা কি খুব বিরাট ???
    একজন প্রতিষ্ঠিত দাক্তার কে আই সব লেখার মানে হয় না। কত বছহর ধরে ডাক্তারি করে আজ উনি আই জায় গায় এত কথা রেফেরেঞ্চে দিয়ে বলছেন । যারা এরে তরক করে তারা নিজের অগ্যতা ছাড়া আর কিছুরি পরিছয় দিতে পারে না।
  • cb | 99.231.107.247 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০০:১৫620408
  • না বলা যায় না, কারণটা ভাগী বলে দিয়েছে
  • sch | 126.203.173.178 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০০:৩২620409
  • কমলেন্দুবাবু review article বা literature review এ নিজের মতামতের কথা লেখা যায় না। সেখানে বিভিন্ন বকতব্যের রিভিউ করে সিদ্ধান্তে আসতে হয়। "But I am convinced ..." জাতীয় সেন্টেন্স লেখা যায় না।

    আমার মা যে আমার মা সেটার প্রমাণের জন্য হাসপাতালের বার্থ সার্টিফিকেট আছে। অসুবিধে নেই। আপনার হঠাৎ এই ইস্যুটা মনে এল কেন? আপনার কি মাতৃ পরিচয় অজনা? সেক্ষেত্রে অবশ্য আপনাকে এর আগে ব্যাড পেরেন্তিং এর প্রোদাক্ট বলার জন্যে ক্ষমা চেয়ে নিচ্ছি। দুঃখিত।
  • sch | 126.203.173.178 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০০:৪৩620411
  • review article কি ভাবে লিখতে হয় অরিজিৎ একটু দেখিয়ে দেবেন? একজন বিদেশী ডিগ্রীধারী বললে হয়তো কমলেন্দু বাবুর সুবিধে হবে
  • :-) | 127.194.199.235 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০১:২৭620412
  • কমলেন্দুবাবু বেশ কিছু বই লিখেছেন । এখন আরো একটা লিখছেন হয়তো। কিন্তু পর্বে পর্বে তার এই নতুন বইটির লেখা হওয়া চ্যাপ্টারগুলো পড়তে আমাদের কয়েকমাস কেটে যাবে। সুতরাং তক্কোটার রিলেটেড উত্তরগুলো উনি আগে দিয়ে দিলে ভালো হয়। বইটা নাহয় আমরা পরে ধীরে ধীরে পড়ে নেবো।

    ১) প্রথম ফিগার/চার্ট টা কি আপনার বানানো না কোনো স্বীকৃত স্টাডি থেকে নেওয়া? সেটা হলে রেফারেন্স দিতে হবে। প্রথমটা হলে এটাকে আপনার ব্যক্তিগত ধারণা বলে উড়িয়ে দেওয়া হবে। ফিগারটির জাস্টিফিকেশন প্রত্যেক মানুষের নিজের নিজের মতো, কেউ সহমত হবে, কেউ বোগাস বলবে।
    ২) basically, most part of his character is inherited from their parents. এইটে ডিবেটেবল। পরিবেশ ও বন্ধুদের প্রভাব ইত্যাদি। এর সপক্ষে তথ্য/স্টাডি চাওয়া হচ্ছে। এটা আপনার ব্যক্তিগত মতামত হলে, আবার, এর কোনো মূল্য নেই।
    ৩) A person who is brought through good parenting never has strong and permanent effects of ill-influences of the society. Even he is temporarily misled by the bad effects, he quickly gets self-realization, and not only returns to the right path but also spread rays of moral values to his associates. এটাও আপনার ব্যক্তিগত মনে হওয়া না এর সাপোর্টে কোনো স্টাডি আছে? প্রবন্ধ লিখতে হলে প্রথমে কিছু ভূমিকা লেখা যায় যেখানে আপন মনের মাধুরী মিশায়ে সাহিত্যচর্চা চলে। সেটা হলে, এই কথাগুলোর কোনো বৈজ্ঞানিক ভিত্তি নেই, শুধুই কবির কল্পনা বা অনুপম সাহিত্যসৃষ্টি হিসেবে ধরে নেবো। কিন্তু এটাকে যদি আপনি আমাদের বিশ্বাস করতে বলেন, তবে তো সপক্ষের স্টাডির রেফারেন্স দিতে হবে।
    ৪) the parson who has been parented poorly always tends to go to the evil paths quickly. And most of the times this happen permanently and irreversibly. The person not only puts himself in field of antisocial, but also tries to influence others. Their influences affect the poorly parented persons and thus gradually the numbers of antisocial increase. এটাও কোনো বেসিস ছাড়া আপনার শুধু মনে হওয়া তো? মানে সাহিত্যমূল্য স্বীকার করে অগিয়ে যেতে হচ্ছে, নাকি কোনো স্টাডি বেসড ইনফারেন্স?
    বাকি বেটম্যানের থিওরি ও তার পক্ষে বিপক্ষে প্রমাণপত্র উইকি থেকেই পড়ে নেওয়া যায়। আপনার মৌলিক কথাবার্তা শুনতে বেশি আগ্রহী । যা কিছু তথ্য, প্রমাণ, স্টাডি দিয়ে সাপোর্টেড। নইলে শুধু মনে হওয়া থেকে তর্ক হলে আপনি কিন্তু আপনার ডাক্তারি ডিগ্রিটার কোনো মূল্য পাবেন না। একজন যুক্তি দিয়ে তর্ক করা সাধারণ মানুষের মতোই আপনার সব বক্তব্য ও কিন্তু একইভাবে যুক্তি দিয়ে আক্রমণ করা হবে। তখন সর্বজ্ঞ ডাক্তারির আপারহ্যান্ড ছেড়ে আপনাকেও কিছু যুক্তি অন্তত দিতে হবে, মানে একেবারেই কোনো তথ্য প্রমাণ স্টাডি দিতে না পারলে। এতে রেগে যাওয়ার কিছু নেই। অবশ্য দিনের পর দিন না ঘুমিয়ে, কম ঘুমিয়ে, স্ত্রী ছেলের থেকে বিচ্ছিন্ন থেকে কাজের লোকের সেবাটুকু মাত্র পেয়ে সমমনস্ক ডাক্তার বন্ধুদের অপ্রতুলতায় ও আক্রমণাত্মক অর্থগৃধ্নু ডাক্তার শত্রুদের তাড়ণায়, আর্থিক অস্বাচ্ছ্যল্যে আপনি একটু খিটখিটে হয়ে যেতেই পারেন। ঘুমিয়ে সুস্থ হলে আবার আলোচনা করা যাবে। ঘুম কম হলে যে মানুষের বিহেভিয়ার প্যাটার্নের কি পরিবর্তন হয় তা নিয়ে গু্চ্ছ স্টাডি আছে জানেন নিশ্চয়ই।
  • π | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০১:৩২620413
  • শেষের চার লাইনের বোধহয় কোন প্রয়োজন ছিল না।
    তবে বাকিটার সাথে পুরোপুরি একমত।
  • Atoz | 161.141.84.239 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০১:৩৬620414
  • আমি প্লেসহোল্ডারের শেষের দিকের কথাগুলো পড়ে বেশ চমকে গেলাম। অন্য কারুর ব্যক্তিগত তথ্য এইভাবে উন্মূক্ত করা যায়? প্রাইভেসি অ্যাক্ট না কী যেন আছে না?
  • :-) | 127.194.199.235 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০১:৪১620415
  • না না, এ তো ওনার লেখা পড়ে আমার মনে হওয়া, মানে শেষ চার লাইন। উনি যখন ঐন্দ্রিলার মুখ দেখে বলা তথ্যগুলোর জাস্টিফিকেশন দেবেন, তার পর আমিও এই কথাগুলোর জাস্টিফিকেশন দেবো, ওনার লেখা আর সোস্যাল মিডিয়া প্রোফাইল থেকেই। তাতে কিছু ছবিটবির ও সাহায্য থাকতে পারে। দেখা যাক। তবে আগে ওনার টার্ন।
  • riddhi | 146.165.223.57 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০২:০১620416
  • কমলবাবুর ফেবুতে গিয়ে প্রথমেই নাইজেরিয়া না কোথাকার একটা হেল্থ অফিস রিপোর্ট পেলাম।
    "MEN have been advised to keep away from their wives’ breasts while they are breast feeding their children to avoid inflicting wounds on the breasts and exposing the children to infection."
    এতে কমলবাবুর কমেন্ট
    I do not agree with the following statement. It is a over statement. No man can strictly follow this strict instruction. We must not separate the components of the family unit of baby, mother and father. It will cause disharmony in the family and jeopardize Breastfeeding
    ক্ক!
  • sch | 126.203.173.178 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০২:০৭620417
  • না না এতো ঝাএম্লা করার দরকার নেই - এ পুরো পৃথিবী সূর্যের চারদিকে ঘুরছে কেস
  • sch | 126.203.173.178 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০২:০৮620418
  • উল্টো লিখলাম সূর্য্য পৃথিবীর চারদিকে ঘুরছে কেস
  • aranya | 154.160.226.53 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০২:০৮620419
  • 'No man can strictly follow this strict instruction' - টু গুড :-)))
  • aranya | 154.160.226.53 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০২:০৯620420
  • বেবি, ফাদার মাদার -তিন মূর্তিকে ফেভিকল দিয়ে জুড়ে দিলে হয়
  • Bhagidaar | 216.208.217.6 | ০২ নভেম্বর ২০১৩ ০২:১৮620422
  • উফ চলুক চলুক! উইকেন্ড আসছে, কিছু মণি মুক্তো না রেখে গেলে হবে গুরুতে সপ্তাহান্তের খোরাক হিসেবে?
  • পাতা : ১২
  • মতামত দিন
  • বিষয়বস্তু*:
এই সাইটটি বার পঠিত
  • কি, কেন, ইত্যাদি
  • বাজার অর্থনীতির ধরাবাঁধা খাদ্য-খাদক সম্পর্কের বাইরে বেরিয়ে এসে এমন এক আস্তানা বানাব আমরা, যেখানে ক্রমশ: মুছে যাবে লেখক ও পাঠকের বিস্তীর্ণ ব্যবধান। পাঠকই লেখক হবে, মিডিয়ার জগতে থাকবেনা কোন ব্যকরণশিক্ষক, ক্লাসরুমে থাকবেনা মিডিয়ার মাস্টারমশাইয়ের জন্য কোন বিশেষ প্ল্যাটফর্ম। এসব আদৌ হবে কিনা, গুরুচণ্ডালি টিকবে কিনা, সে পরের কথা, কিন্তু দু পা ফেলে দেখতে দোষ কী? ... আরও ...
  • আমাদের কথা
  • আপনি কি কম্পিউটার স্যাভি? সারাদিন মেশিনের সামনে বসে থেকে আপনার ঘাড়ে পিঠে কি স্পন্ডেলাইটিস আর চোখে পুরু অ্যান্টিগ্লেয়ার হাইপাওয়ার চশমা? এন্টার মেরে মেরে ডান হাতের কড়ি আঙুলে কি কড়া পড়ে গেছে? আপনি কি অন্তর্জালের গোলকধাঁধায় পথ হারাইয়াছেন? সাইট থেকে সাইটান্তরে বাঁদরলাফ দিয়ে দিয়ে আপনি কি ক্লান্ত? বিরাট অঙ্কের টেলিফোন বিল কি জীবন থেকে সব সুখ কেড়ে নিচ্ছে? আপনার দুশ্‌চিন্তার দিন শেষ হল। ... আরও ...
  • বুলবুলভাজা
  • এ হল ক্ষমতাহীনের মিডিয়া। গাঁয়ে মানেনা আপনি মোড়ল যখন নিজের ঢাক নিজে পেটায়, তখন তাকেই বলে হরিদাস পালের বুলবুলভাজা। পড়তে থাকুন রোজরোজ। দু-পয়সা দিতে পারেন আপনিও, কারণ ক্ষমতাহীন মানেই অক্ষম নয়। বুলবুলভাজায় বাছাই করা সম্পাদিত লেখা প্রকাশিত হয়। এখানে লেখা দিতে হলে লেখাটি ইমেইল করুন, বা, গুরুচন্ডা৯ ব্লগ (হরিদাস পাল) বা অন্য কোথাও লেখা থাকলে সেই ওয়েব ঠিকানা পাঠান (ইমেইল ঠিকানা পাতার নীচে আছে), অনুমোদিত এবং সম্পাদিত হলে লেখা এখানে প্রকাশিত হবে। ... আরও ...
  • হরিদাস পালেরা
  • এটি একটি খোলা পাতা, যাকে আমরা ব্লগ বলে থাকি। গুরুচন্ডালির সম্পাদকমন্ডলীর হস্তক্ষেপ ছাড়াই, স্বীকৃত ব্যবহারকারীরা এখানে নিজের লেখা লিখতে পারেন। সেটি গুরুচন্ডালি সাইটে দেখা যাবে। খুলে ফেলুন আপনার নিজের বাংলা ব্লগ, হয়ে উঠুন একমেবাদ্বিতীয়ম হরিদাস পাল, এ সুযোগ পাবেন না আর, দেখে যান নিজের চোখে...... আরও ...
  • টইপত্তর
  • নতুন কোনো বই পড়ছেন? সদ্য দেখা কোনো সিনেমা নিয়ে আলোচনার জায়গা খুঁজছেন? নতুন কোনো অ্যালবাম কানে লেগে আছে এখনও? সবাইকে জানান। এখনই। ভালো লাগলে হাত খুলে প্রশংসা করুন। খারাপ লাগলে চুটিয়ে গাল দিন। জ্ঞানের কথা বলার হলে গুরুগম্ভীর প্রবন্ধ ফাঁদুন। হাসুন কাঁদুন তক্কো করুন। স্রেফ এই কারণেই এই সাইটে আছে আমাদের বিভাগ টইপত্তর। ... আরও ...
  • ভাটিয়া৯
  • যে যা খুশি লিখবেন৷ লিখবেন এবং পোস্ট করবেন৷ তৎক্ষণাৎ তা উঠে যাবে এই পাতায়৷ এখানে এডিটিং এর রক্তচক্ষু নেই, সেন্সরশিপের ঝামেলা নেই৷ এখানে কোনো ভান নেই, সাজিয়ে গুছিয়ে লেখা তৈরি করার কোনো ঝকমারি নেই৷ সাজানো বাগান নয়, আসুন তৈরি করি ফুল ফল ও বুনো আগাছায় ভরে থাকা এক নিজস্ব চারণভূমি৷ আসুন, গড়ে তুলি এক আড়ালহীন কমিউনিটি ... আরও ...
গুরুচণ্ডা৯-র সম্পাদিত বিভাগের যে কোনো লেখা অথবা লেখার অংশবিশেষ অন্যত্র প্রকাশ করার আগে গুরুচণ্ডা৯-র লিখিত অনুমতি নেওয়া আবশ্যক। অসম্পাদিত বিভাগের লেখা প্রকাশের সময় গুরুতে প্রকাশের উল্লেখ আমরা পারস্পরিক সৌজন্যের প্রকাশ হিসেবে অনুরোধ করি। যোগাযোগ করুন, লেখা পাঠান এই ঠিকানায় : [email protected] ।


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